a. 0 cells (0.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum
expected count is 1206.61.
Symmetric
Measures
Value
Approx.
Sig.
Nominal by Nominal
Phi
.162
.000
Cramer’s V
.162
.000
N of Valid Cases
47429
In this scenario, we are comparing
the relationship between citizens’ trust in the police and the question of
whether respondents showed a sense of democracy or not. This analysis is said
to be categorical in nature, since both variables are nominal, not interval or
ratio. The Case Processing Summary (CPC) showed a total number of respondents
to be 51587 with 8.1% missing or not applicable to the said analysis. The
nominal percentage of cross-tabulation displays column percentages of the two
variables. The unequal percentages between the dependent variables tells us
that there is a relationship between the two variables (Laureate Education,
2016a). For example, 36.9% of respondents who are not democratic do not trust
police at all. 20% of respondents who are democratic do not also trust police
at all. Looking at the Chi-Square Tests, we can view the Pearson Chi-Square of
1242.165 with an associated P-value of 0.000. This value is well below the
conventional threshold of P equal or less than 0.05. Therefore, we can reject
the null hypothesis that there is no relationship between the variables. The
Cramer’s V of 0.162 is also showing a P-value of 0.000. A value of 0 indicates
zero relationship, while a value of 1.0 indicates perfect relationship (Frankfort-Nachmias
& Leon-Guerrero, 2015)). Therefore, our Cramer’s value of 0.162 indicated
the present of relationship. It is important to understand that the works of the
police is part of any democracy. Here in our resulted analysis, we can see that
the implication is true. The implication is positive in the sense that police
activities are designed or should be designed to protect the citizen’s lives
and properties while minimizing casualties and enforcing democratic laws and
orders of citizens (Criminal Justice USA, n.d.).
Abubakar Binji
Abubakar Binji is an expert in news publishing, author and editor of various research articles and journals; acquired extensive experiences in the field of healthcare management, leadership, community health, and healthcare data analytics. He, Abubakar Binji has engaged in various scholarly research in United States of America and abroad.